In the United States, during the colonial period and Articles of Confederation years (1778?1789), several states adopted patent systems of their own. Applicant should keep this Office action for his or her files, and not send it back to the Office. Articles of manufacture may possess both functional and ornamental characteristics. [3] [ edit ] Comparison to utility patents US utility patents protect the functionality of a given item. In Japan , South Korea and Hungary , industrial designs are registered after performing an official novelty search. The application contains a description of how to make and use the invention and, under some legislations, if not self evident, the usefulness of the invention.

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